septiembre 12, 2008

Acocoxochitl, adopta una Dalia


Esta flor tuvo un auge muy importante en Xochimilco en la época prehispánica y hasta hace algunas decadas formaba parte de los jardines y huertas de las abuelas xochimilcas. Les compartimos esta interesante información del parque ecológico Xochitla acerca de las Dalias.
"Las flores son una de las muchas bellezas en la naturaleza que el hombre ha podido admirar y aprovechar desde la antigüedad. En distintas culturas y épocas, las flores han sido empleadas por la humanidad con diversos fines. Existe una en particular que tiene un significado muy especial para México por ser su flor nacional: la Dalia.

El género Dahlia es de origen Mesoamericano con 35 especies, de las cuales 33 son originarias de México, por lo que su mayor diversidad está concentrada en nuestro país. Esto ya es motivo suficiente para su reconocimiento como flor nacional. Pero existen más razones para dicha distinción. Está representada en el Códice De la Cruz-Badiano, el cual incluye una gran cantidad de plantas que eran empleadas desde épocas prehispánicas. A la llegada de los españoles, se pudo reunir la información y experiencia que tenían las culturas nativas, sobre el uso y cultivo de diversas plantas.

La dalia fue nombrada de diversas maneras en la lengua náhuatl:

Acocoxóchitl o acocotli - flor doble con forma de pelota.
Cohuanenepilli - flor de tallos huecos con agua.
Xicamiti - flor de camote (por su raíz de bulbo).

También la encontramos como símbolo en la arquitectura y otras artes precolombinas y se sabe que tenía usos diversos: ornamental, alimenticio, medicinal, ceremonial y como forraje.

Algunas de sus propiedades medicinales son: combate la tos crónica, es diurética, puede controlar la temperatura corporal, y disminuye la molestia de los cólicos.

Usos alimenticios: en repostería, preparación de bebidas, pastas, ensaladas y hasta platillos más elaborados como "pollo con papas de dalia". Sus tubérculos (raíz) sirven como fuente carbohidratos. También se emplea como forraje para el ganado de tipo bovino.

Potenciales usos: existen estudios que indican que es posible emplear las hojas y flores de las dalias para la extracción de tintes naturales que se pueden utilizar en diversos materiales tales como manta, yute o algodón.

Su belleza, diversidad de colores y formas la han vuelto famosa en el medio de los horticultores de todas las épocas y no solo de México, ya que su fama ha trascendido a Europa, América del Norte e incluso Oceanía. Hoy en día existen cerca de 41 asociaciones internacionales dedicadas o interesadas en el cultivo, y difusión de la dalia. Tal es el caso del Jardín Botánico de Fundación Xochitla, A.C., que se encuentra preparando Expo-Dalia 2008, para los próximos 16 y 17 de Agosto en coordinación con:

Asociación Mexicana de la Dalia
Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo
Exposición Permanente de Floricultura y Viverismo en los Viveros de Coyoacán.

El Jardín Botánico de Fundación Xochitla, A.C., desde 2003, ha desarrollado el programa de propagación de esta y otras especies mexicanas, y hoy pone al alcance del público visitante el conocimiento para cultivarla y aprovechar sus beneficios. "

Asiste con tu familia a Expo-Dalia 2008 y aprende mucho más sobre esta flor orgullosamente mexicana.

Para mayores informes comunícate al 58 99 66 00 ext. 2034.

o visita: http://www.xochitla.org.mx/

Fotografías: Dalias Silvestres, ensalada de nopales con Dalia y Dulce de camote de Dalia. Parque Ecológico Xochitla

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